Monolithic gates still protect Amersfoort, a well-preserved medieval city that remains connected to its history. Built into the foundations of 13th-century defensive walls, the Muurhuizen wall houses are one of the city’s most intriguing features. Art enthusiasts should visit the Mondriaan House (birthplace of abstract artist Piet Mondriaan) and the Armando Museum, a collection of works by the famed Dutch painter.

Time travel is possible, simply by taking a short train ride from Naples. The ruins of Pompeii, unearthed in the mid-18th century, contain 2000- year-old temples, villas and artworks that were buried when Mount Vesuvius erupted in AD 79. Explore the elegant House of the Vettii, the rich frescoes of the House of the Mysteries and ancient thermal baths. After immersing yourself in history, head for the modern city of Pompei (its neighbour with only one "i") to dine on tantalizing regional dishes.

Faro is the best-known city in Portugal’s deservedly famous Algarve region. There’s an archaeological museum and a “Bishops’ Palace,” a Renaissance cathedral that was heavily bombed during World War II, but later rebuilt. Nearby in Estoi are Roman ruins, and Albufeira, also nearby, is a formerly quaint fishing village influenced by the Moors in the 8th century. It’s situated in a cliffside location, and has become famous for its beaches (there are 20) and nightlife.